Green synthesis of single phase hausmannite Mn3O4 nanoparticles via Aspalathus linearis natural extract

Abstract Nowadays, green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant precursors has been extensively studied. However, less attention given to Mn 3 O 4 . This contribution validates the single-phase Hausmannite by a approach without any standard acid/base compounds, surfactants, and organic/inorganic dissolving agents. The chemical chelation precursor was performed via bioactive compounds Aspalathus Linearis’ extract , an African indigenous plant. Annealing at 400 °C for ~ 1 h required crystallize small amorphous with initial bimodal size distribution peaking $$\left\langle {\phi_{1} } \right\rangle$$ ϕ 1 4.21 nm {\phi_{2} 2 8.51 respectively. Such annealing lead increase in diameter from 17 28 nm.The morphological, structural, vibrational, surface, photoluminescence properties were comprehensively investigated High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy(HRTEM),Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Diffraction (XRD), Raman X-rays Photoelectron (XPS), spectroscopy as well room temperature photoluminescence. Structural morphological investigations revealed formation quasi-spherical having single phase crystal structure. XPS results also validated XRD about nanoparticles. allowed crystal-clear distinction between nature potential γ -Mn 2 both phases belong same space group assume tetragonally-distorted cubic lattices nearly similar dimensions. optical studies crystalline exhibited broad spectral range 300–700 nm, which is ideal emission devices. Graphic abstract